The engine cylinders are cast from gray cast iron in one piece with the cylinder block. The cylinder heads are made of light alloy and are bolted to the cylinder block. Steel valve guides are pressed into the cylinder head. An oil pan, consisting of two sections, is attached to the bottom of the engine block. It drains the oil needed to lubricate and cool the engine.
The engines use a cross-flow arrangement in which air enters the engine cylinders from one side and exhaust gases are expelled from the other side of the engine. The injectors supply fuel directly to the engine cylinders.
A separate cylinder head with two camshafts is installed on each section of the cylinder block. The intake camshafts are driven by a single toothed belt. The exhaust camshafts are driven by gears from the intake camshafts.
Valve clearances are adjusted automatically by hydraulic tappets, so manual adjustment is not required.
To supply oil to the rubbing surfaces of the engine, an oil pump is used, driven by a chain from the crankshaft. Under pressure, oil is fed through channels to the bearings of the crankshaft and camshaft.
Technical data
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Cylinder block
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Cylinder inner diameter, mm:
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1st nominal
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78,306–78,310
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2nd nominal
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78,310–78,314
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1st enlarged
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78,346–78,350
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2nd enlarged
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78,350–78,354
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Pistons
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Piston diameter, mm:
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1st nominal
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78,253–78,261
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2nd nominal
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78,259–78,267
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1st enlarged
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78,293–78,301
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2nd enlarged
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78,299–78,307
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Piston rings
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Piston ring gap
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nominal / maximum allowable, mm:
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upper compression
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0,20–0,40/ 0,8
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lower compression
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0,80–1,00/ 1,4
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oil scraper
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0,25–0,50/ 0,8
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Ring clearance in piston groove
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nominal / maximum allowable, mm:
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upper compression
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0,100–0,136/ 0,150
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lower compression
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0,045–0,085/ 0,110
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oil scraper
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0,025–0,065/ 0,090
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cylinder head
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Deviation from the flatness of the mating surface of the cylinder head, mm
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0,1
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Camshafts
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Axial clearance, mm:
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nominal
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0,06–0,15
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maximum allowable
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0,3
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Radial clearance, mm:
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nominal
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0,035–0,085
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maximum allowable
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0,1
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Crankshaft
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Main journals diameter, mm:
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nominal
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64,958–64,978
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1st repair
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64,708–64,728
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Diameter of connecting rod journals, mm:
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nominal
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57,958–57,978
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1st repair
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57,708–57,728
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Axial clearance, mm:
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nominal
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0,090–0,251
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maximum allowable
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0,3
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Radial clearance, mm:
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nominal
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0,018–0,045
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maximum allowable
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0,1
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Tightening torques* of main threaded connections, Н·м
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Coolant drain plug
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10
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Engine support to bottom frame
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25
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Drive disc to torque converter
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85
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Engine torque compensator support to frame
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40
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Generator to engine:
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M8
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22
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M10
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45
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A/C compressor to bracket
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22
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Power steering pump to bracket
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22
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Pulley to power steering pump
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22
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Exhaust pipe to turbocharger
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25
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Vibration damper to crankshaft pulley
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22
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Compressor V-ribbed belt tensioner to bracket
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22
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Bolt of fastening of a roller of a tension of a poly V-belt of the compressor of the conditioner
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22
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Bracket for power steering pump and oil heat exchanger to engine
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22
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A/C compressor bracket to power steering pump and oil heat exchanger bracket
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22
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Power steering pump to bracket
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22
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Pulley to power steering pump
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22
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Bolt of fastening of a pulley of a gear belt to a camshaft
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75
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Bolts of fastening of an oscillation damper on a pulley of the fuel pump
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22
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Viscous Radiator Fan Bracket Bolts:
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M6
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10
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M8
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22
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M10
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45
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Vacuum pump to cylinder head
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10
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Bolts of fastening of a driving pulley of the fuel pump to a pulley of a camshaft
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22
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Fuel pump toothed belt tensioner to viscous radiator fan bracket
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36
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flywheel bolt
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60 + tighten by 180°
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Vacuum pump mounting bolts
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10
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Bolts of fastening of forward section of an inlet collector
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10
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Bolts of fastening of the left section of an inlet collector
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10
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Bolts of fastening of the right section of an inlet collector
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10
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Exhaust gas Recirculation valve (EGR) to intake manifold
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22
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Fuel lines to fuel pump and injectors
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30
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Bolts for fastening the heat shield to the turbocharger
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10
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Bolts of fastening of an oil pipeline to an inlet collector
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22
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Nuts of fastening of a cover of a head of the block of cylinders
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10
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Fuel return pipes to fuel injectors
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5
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Bolt of fastening of a directing pipe for the index (probe) engine oil level to the head cover
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10
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Bolts of fastening of an oil pipeline to a turbocharger
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15
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Bolts of fastening of an arm of a turbocharger to the block of cylinders
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22
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glow plugs
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18
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Nuts of fastening of covers of bearings of camshafts
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15
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Studs to cylinder head
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5
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Injectors to cylinder head
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10
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* For other threaded connections, the tightening torques are as follows, Н·м: M6 - 10; M8 - 20; M10 - 45; M12 - 65.
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